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Which of the following is NOT a major subfield of anthropology in the United States? Question 1 options: Biological anthropology Athletic anthropology Cultural anthropology Archaeology Question 2 Which area of anthropology aims to solve specific practical problems in collaboration with governmental, non-profit, and community organizations? Question 2 options: Political anthropology Linguistic anthropology Cultural anthropology Applied anthropology Question 3 Which of the following does NOT describe culture? Question 3 options: It can change in response to both internal and external factors It is a set of beliefs, practices, and symbols that are shared It is learned from other members of a society or subgroup It is the genetic range of a society or subgroup Question 4 What is ethnocentrism? Question 4 options: It is the belief that Western cultures are superior to Eastern cultures It is the belief that one's own culture is better than others It is the belief that all cultures can be organized from best to worst It is the belief that only one culture exists Question 5 The study of human origins, evolution, and variation is known as Question 5 options: applied anthropology cultural anthropology linguistic anthropology biological anthropology Question 6 A cultural anthropologist studying the meaning of marriage in a small village in India might consider local gender norms, existing family networks, laws regarding marriage, religious rules, and economic factors. This is an example of Question 6 options: holism comparison cultural relativism ethnocentrism Question 7 Cultural relativism argues that we should seek to Question 7 options: distinguish distinct differences between all human cultures understand another person's beliefs and behaviors from the perspective of their culture rather than our own live amongst multiple cultures throughout one's life study cultures through an ethnocentric lens Question 8 What is the term for the process of participant-observation fieldwork in cultural anthropology? Question 8 options: Archaeology Ethnography Applied anthropology Comparison Question 9 To which of the following does ethnography NOT refer? Question 9 options: Novels written by cultural anthropologists Descriptive accounts of culture The research method of cultural anthropologists Fieldwork Question 10 Anthony Kwame Harrison argues that anthropology places taken-for-granted notions of progress within the broader context of human culture. What example does he give of a taken-for-granted notion of progress? Question 10 options: The globalization of industry The increasing number of razor blades The domestication of animals The decreasing number of private universities Question 11 What phrase does Bob Myers use to encourage his students to appreciate that anthropology happens all around them? Question 11 options: "Have an anthropological weekend" "Research your genetic history" "Visit the zoo" "Describe your own culture" Question 12 The authors mention many reasons for telling stories within a society. They identify all of the following reasons EXCEPT Question 12 options: teaching a moral lesson to children preserving ways of life keeping members glued to storytelling devices, such as televisions acting as a form of social control over activities that are not allowed Question 13 How does a fable become a tradition within a culture? Question 13 options: By being retold and accepted by others in the community If it is a tall tale or folktale By individual members of the society experiencing parts of the fable first-hand If it is made into a television show or movie Question 14 What does the notion of The Other mean to anthropologists? Question 14 options: It is term that refers to alien worlds and imagined people from distant planets It is a term that describes people whose customs, beliefs, or behaviors are different from one's own; an outsider or stranger It is a term that refers to people who are just outside one's social circle, such as people who try to fit in to certain cliques but are not accepted It is a term that expresses the idea that each individual has two aspects in conflict; the good and bad parts of a person Question 15 According to the authors, in the story of Gulliver's Travels, which character(s) becomes The Other? Question 15 options: The Lilliputians only Both Gulliver and the Lilliputians The author, Jonathan Swift Gulliver only Question 16 What is armchair anthropology? Question 16 options: An approach to the field that privileges fieldwork over theory An approach that uses the stories and experiences of others to measure other cultures from one's own (superior) vantage point The anthropology of furniture through the ages The branch of anthropology that studies only those people and cultures at "arm's length" Question 17 The idea that one's own group is better than any other is called Question 17 options: cultural comparison ethnocentrism ethnography cultural relativism Question 18 "That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society" is Tylor's definition of Question 18 options: social structure culture traditions functionalism Question 19 "Going native" means that an anthropologist Question 19 options: teaches the local people about the superiority of the fieldworker's own culture and religious beliefs participates more fully in local life than an observer, becoming romantically or sexually involved with Native people and/or taking on leadership roles in society undertakes participant-observation wearing only a loincloth and face paint wears the tribal tattoos of the locals Question 20 Which of the following best describes the relationship between cultural relativism and ethnocentrism? Question 20 options: Ethnocentrism emphasizes understanding from an insider's view, and cultural relativism judges other cultures from an outsider's view Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism both allow for an unbiased understanding of culture Cultural relativism ignores the differences between cultures, while ethnocentrism focuses on the differences between cultures Cultural relativism emphasizes understanding from an insider's view, and ethnocentrism judges other cultures from an outsider's view Question 21 In anthropology, the process of learning culture as it is transmitted by others is called Question 21 options: transmission enculturation cultural contact holism Question 22 Clifford Geertz, a post-modern anthropologist, stressed the importance of Question 22 options: ethics in anthropological research social institutions and how they help shape cultural understandings language, as a means of transmitting symbolic knowledge in public contexts how individual psychology creates patterns of cultural behavior Question 23 The American Anthropological Association's (AAA) Code of Ethics specifies all of the following guidelines EXCEPT Question 23 options: complete research by any means necessary make your results accessible obtain informed consent and necessary permissions do no harm