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Question A 25 year old has a noticeable heart murmur, with a whooshing sound after the lubb (1st heart sound) heard on auscultation (listening with a stethoscope). This person reports occasional dizziness, particularly on standing. What is the most likely cause of this condition? open ductus arteriosus weak left ventricle running too much leaky bicuspid valve Question 2 A 65 year old has a heart murmur with a whooshing sound after the dup (2nd heart sound). What is the most likely cause of this sound? the aortic valve stays closed leaking aortic valve the bicuspid valve won't open leaking bicuspid valve Question 3 A 75 year old has a heart murmur with a whooshing sound before the dup (2nd heart sound). This person's stamina is reduced as they can't fullfil a round of golf anymore. There is frequent wheezing and coughing, with phlegm, and the ankles are enlarged (edema). The person is diagnosed with heart failure, and symptoms are due to open foramen ovale poorly formed bicuspid valves inadequate blood ejection from the left ventricle not related to the heart Question 4 15 year old is running a marathon. They have asthma, and take a puff on their albuterol inhaler prior to the beginning of the race. This activates the beta 2 adrenergic receptor, which will decrease blood flow to the heart muscle decrease heart rate increase force of heart contraction decrease the blood pressure Question 5 A patient has newborn twins. One is healthy, with natural color to lips and fingers, and a normal breathing rate (RR). The other has blueish-grey fingertips and lips, which is described as cyanosis. Which of the following could account for cyanosis in a newborn? closed ductus arteriosus closed fossa ovalis open ductus arteriosus